Carburetor



June 1 1926. 1,586,671

C. J. GUSTAFSON ET AL v CARBURETOR Filed Nov. l2, 1917 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Patented June l, 1926.

UNITED sTATgs PATENT OFFICE;

CHARLES J. GUs'rusON ,AND FRANK C. Mocx, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssmmmsTo sfrnomnnne moron DEVICES COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATIONF ILLINOIS.

CARBURETOR.

Application led November 12, 1917. Serial No. 201,447.

Our invention relates to carburetors. The modern internal combustionengine usually operates over a wide range of speeds j and consequentlyrequirescorresponding quantities of explosive mixture.

Carburetor-s as heretofore constructed have lacked essentially inability to increase or expand their capacity to providemixture inaccordance with the increase demanded by the engine. Our inventionprovides the carburetor with means to permit it to expand its capacityfor delivery of both gasoline and air.When the engine demands the same.le provide in addition to the main air inlet an auxiliary inlet which.is normally closed. This inlet, when t-he demand calls for it, providesan additional supply of air and controls the amount of fuel supplied tothe fuel jet or jets so Jthat as the air supplying capacity isincreased, the gas oline supplying capacity is increased in properproportion.

The construction which we provide gives straight discharge from the jetto the out.

l let of the carburetor and controlled by the throttle, and any gasolinewhich condenses on the walls-drains back to the point of highest airvelocity where it will be picked up again.' The drainage is so steepthat there is no opportunity for gasoline to col-` lect in pockets'. Thegasoline is delivered Aat all times yinto the point of highest airvelocity. lVhen an additional air supply for high speed is admitted itcomes in the form of an annular sheath or tube, tending to prevent themixture from condensing fon the walls and developing into liquidstreams.

' 'lliere is no tendency for the valve to become jammed or cockedby the'air pressure.

We further provide improved means op erated by the air valve to supplyadditional fuel in proper proportion with the additional air allowed to-pass by the valve.

In the accompanying .drawings which form a part of the presentspecification,

Figure l is a front eleva-tion of a device embodying our invention; j n

Figure 2 is a vertical axial section taken on line 2 2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a front elevational view with the carburetor body invertical diametral section, and i .Figure 4 is a vertical diainetralsectional view showing the construction and operation of the additionalfuel supply well. i

its shownnthe carburetor comprises a main barrel l generally cylindricaliii outline, having a cap member 2 forming an outlet from the interiorof the barrel and having a primary air inlet 3 at the lower -end of thebarrel at substantially right angles to the axis of the saine. Aconstant level cliaiiiber 4 of the usual construction is provided andhas the fuel supply inlet 7.

The cap member 2 has an outlet opening 8 therethrough, this openingbeing co-iitrolled by a throttle valve 9 mounted on a rocking shaft 10controllable by the operator for governing the 'speed of the motor. Asuitable flange 11 is provided around the outlet 8 for attaching thecarburetor to the intake of the engine'. i

" z` a ve iioun e on 1e ro arv lhe iir v lv 17 i td tl t shaft 18controls the air inlet 3. The shaft 18 is connected to a suitablecontrol preferablymounted on the dashboard of the vehicle and usedV forstarting or other special purposes. The bottom of the main casing 1 isclosed ofi' except for the inlet 3. A jet member 19 is arrangedsubstantially axially 'in the casing 1 having a tip or nozzle 21extending above the fuel level which is indicated by the dotted lineThis nozzle .21 extendsl upward into the Venturi tube .23 so that itsupper end projects above the most restricted portion of the Venturitube. The venturi 23 is mounted axially in the shell l upon the wall 24which divides the lower portion of the easing 1 from the up lper portionthereof.

The casing l has the opening 25 in thel side walls thereof for admittingair in addition to the air which enters the primary inlet 3, when thedemand of the engine necessitates such a supply.

The Venturi tube 23 is held in place in the collar 27 by means of theset screw 26 shown in Figure 2. l n

The cylindrical body 1 is provided at its upper end with a cylindricalbore concentric with. the jet and the venturi and in this bore the valvebody 30 is slidably mounted. 'lhe valve body 30 has a reduced centralportion 31 of slightly greater diameter than the Venturi tube. Acircular tapered wall 32 joins the reduced portion 31 with a bear ingportion 33 which is guided in the bore of the cylinder 1. The taperedwall 32 is adapted to rest upon thetop of the venturi 23 to close otl'the interior of the hollow valve from the auxiliary air inlet 25.

At the upper end of the reduced portion 31 the walls of the valve memberflare out to provide a bearing portion 34 for guiding the valve Withinthe bore of the cylinder 1.

The manner in which the opening of the auxiliary valve 30 controls thegasoline supply to the nozzle 21 will now be set out.

T he barrel 1 is provided with an extension 50 within which is found awell 51, the bottom of which is in communication by wayof passageway 52with a passageway 53 communicating with the interior of the floatchamber. A port54; below the passageway 53 communicates with the well 57in the fuel jet at 19 by Way of the passage 56. The valve rod 55, havinga pointed or needle end 58, controls the port 54 to govern the passageof liquid fuel from the float chamberto the jet.

The valve stem 55 is connected by means of the bracket 59 which projectsthrough a slot 61 in the side wall of the barrel 1. For steadying thevalve 30 against the fluctuation, the piston 120 is provided and issecured to the valve stem 55 in the well 51. As this well is filled withliquid fuel, resistance is offered by the piston 120 to any suddenchanges of movement on the part of `the valve 30. As will presently beeX- plained, this piston also serves to lift additional fuel to bedischarged into the carbureting passageway of the carburetor.

The valve stem 55 is inserted into a sleeve 121 having its sphericalhead 66 fitting Iinto a corresponding seat in the bracket. A springspider 122 attached to the sleeve 121 holds the same in place andpermits the valve stem 55 and piston 120 to align properly. The valvestem 55 passes down through an opening 131 in the plug 123 which fits inthe top of the well 51. Atransverse passageway 124 connected through thenipple 125 has any outlet 126 in the venturi23 above the most restrictedportion of the same, forming a secondary fuel je-t. The opening 131normally permits air to enter the passageways 124-126. The piston 12()and the passageways 124-126 are provided as a means for supplying fuelto the mixing chamber upon opening of the annular valve 30. This is alsoparticularly valuable for accelerating purposes after tht` valve 30'hasstarted to open, or `is about to open. When the suction within thecarburetor is suddenly increased by throwing the throttle valve open,the valve 30 will be drawn upward and at the same time a small quantityof fuel will be raised by the plunger 120 through the opening 123 andthis fuel flows through passageway 121 to and from the outlet 126. Airentering at the opening 131 is drawn in with the fuel in properproportion. The employment of the well 51 on the float chamber side ofthe restriction prevents the leaking of air into the passageway throughthe jet. In this embodiment an absolutely clear open passageway issecured above the nozzle 21. The upper end of the stem 55 is providedwith a knob 67 for turning the stem on the threaded portion to adjustt-he needle valve with respect to the port 54. A spring latch 68 mountedon the head 66 engages the knob 67 and prevents accidental turning. Theneedle valve 58 is so proportioned that when the air valve' 30 openscommunication between the float chamber and the normal well 57 will becorrespondingly increased to provide an additional amount of fuel forthe additional amount of air drawn into thel mixing chamber.

The connection between -tl1e butterfly valve 17 in the intake 3 and thebody of the valve 30 is provided by thel compound connecting rod 110which comprises the upper rod 111 having a head 112 sliding loosely inthev hole in the outer wall of the valve 30. This rod projects down intothe sleeve 113 and has a head 114 at its lower end, between which headand the flange 115 of the sleeve is placed a compression/spring 116. Thesleeve 113 is slotted at its lower end, as shown at 117, and is providedwith a transverse rod or pin 118 which is adapted to be engaged by thestructure 119 fastened upon the butterfly valve 17. By means of thisconnection, the valve body 30 is held down on its seat, that is, on topof the venturi 23 when the valve 17 is closed for starting purposes.

The jet 19 comprises ahollow cylindrical block substantially axial ofthe venturi and of the cylindrical chamber 1. At its lower end thishollow cylindrical jet is screw threaded. A screw pluo 69 closes thebottom of the same. A perforated hollow sleeve having an enlarged head'71 at the bottom thereof, is Iinserted into the bottom of the jet anddivides the interior of the same into two wells, namely, the normal well57 and the accelerating well 72. These two wells are connected togetherby four small openings 7 3 through the enlarged head 71. A nozzle 711fits snugly within the head 71 and projects into the hollow f the tip ornozzle 21.

l throttle is' sleeve and through the upper end 75 of i carburetingchamber having an air inlet and thel same, terminating in a reducedopening 7G which discharges into the. space 77 below An annular space 78Iis left between the nozzle 74 and the hollow sleeve 70, this annularspace opening -into the space 77 4below the tip 2l through two` smallports 79.

The side walls of the hollow sleeve Vmember 70 are pierced by a. numberof holes kwhich provide communication between 'fthe annular space 78 andthe well 72. -These holes are formedof different sizes, the uppermostone 80'being relatively small and the .lowermost' one 81 4 beingrelatively large.

The purpose of these transverse holes and the openings 79 is to providean air bleed on higher engin-e speeds 'and to preserve the acceleratingcharacter of the well 72.

The operation is as follows: Assuming that the float chamber isproperlysupplied with liquid fuel, preferably gasoline, and that the level ofthe 4same stands on substantially the dotted line 22 shown in Figure 3,when it is desiredlto start the engine, the butterfiy valve 17 isclosedby the dash control device. Movement of the valve 17 to the closedposition puts the spri-n y 116 under tension .sufficient to hold the vave 30 down upon the venturi 23 thereby preventing 0pening of said valvedur-in starting.l The partially opene and the engine is turned over.

lVhen the throttle 9 is opened wide and the engine is at hi h Speed, thesuction demand is unsatisfie by the air entering the venturi 23, and thesuction will raisethe annular valve 30, permitting' the entry of airthrough opening --25 in an annular sheath around the outer edgesof theventuri 23 into, the main carbureting chamber and through the outlet tothe intake of the engine. This movement ofthe valve 30 is opposed by thespring 116 and is steadied by theplunger 120.

As the annular valve 30 rises it carries upward vwith it the gasolinecontrolling valve 55-58 permitting an i-ncrease of'llow of fuel throughthe restriction. 54.

When the air valve 30 is open it holds the fuel controlling. valve 58open so that more gasoline is available to be drawn 1n, 1n accordanceWiththe increased flow of air.

`The. taper of the valve. 58 is such as to open the restrictioninaccordance with. the

opening of the airvalve 30. It is cleai` that so long-as the increase ofair is accompanied by a corresponding properly proportioned increase offuel, the proper mixture will be maintained. f A

`We do not intend' to be limited to the precisedetails show-n anddescribed, `the ap pended claims defining the scope ofour invention;

1. In a carburetor, the combination offa.

a mixture outlet, an air valve responsive to *means comprising a. wellfed from said constant level supply chamber, a fuel port communicatingwith the upper part of said well above said constant leveland ope-ninginto said 'carbureting chamber, an air vent connected with andestablishing a. path of air How throllgh said fuel port for normallypreventing the creation of a fuel feeding suction in said well, and afuel raising pistonl Y in 'said well adapted to be operated by theopening of said air valve for mechanically moving fuel up to a levelwhere it will be drawn into said fuel port.

In a carburetor, the comblnation of a carbureting chamber having an airinlet and ay mixture outlet, Ia constant level supply chamber, a fuelwell .communicating therewith, a fuel port opening from the upper partof said fuel well into said carbureting chamber, an air vent from whichair Hows through said fuel port for controlling the ysuction effect-ivein said fuel well, a movable member in said well, and means havingoperative connection with said movable. member whereby to cause movementof the latter to raise fuel in said well for discharge through said fuelport when the suction within the carbureting chamber is suddenlyincreased.

3. In a carburetor, the combination of a carbureting chamber having anair inlet and 4a mixture outlet, a throttle in said mixture pistonwhereby to cause movement of the latter toraise fuel in said well fordischarge through said fuel' port when'the suction within thecarbureting chamber is suddenly increased by the opening of saidthrottle valve.

4. In a carburetor, the combination of a `carbnreting chamber, arestriction in the chamber, an annular air valve slidable in saidcarbureting chamber and having its seat on the top of said restriction,a fuel well on one side of said carbureting chamber, a fuel supplychamber communicating with said well, a fuel passageway above the fuellevel between said well and said carbureting Y chamber, said passagewaybeing open to ar mosphere to the top of said well, a bracket.

on saidannular valve, a stem secured to said bracket, and a plunger onsaid stern disposed in said fuel well for raising the fuel to said fuelpassageway.

5. In a carburetor, the combination of a barrel member, a venturi in thebarrel, an annular air valve slidable in said barrel and having its seaton the top of the venturi, an open valve well `on one side of saidbarrel, s-,aid valve well having a seat in the lower part thereof, abracket on theannular air valve projecting through a slot in the barrel,an adjustable valve stem secured to said bracket, said stem having avalve cooperating with the valve seat, a fuel supply chamber communixating with the well above said valve seat` a plunger on said stem, apassageway above the fuel level between said venturi and the upper endof the well, said passageway being open to atmosphere through the top ofthe well.

G. In a carburetor, the combination of a carbureting chamber having anair inlet and a mixture outlet, an auxiliary air valve within saidcarbureting chamber responsive to the suction in said chamber, aconstant level fuel supply chamber, an auxiliary Well fed from said fuelsupply chamber, a fuel port leading from the upper part of saidauxiliary well above theI normal level therein and to said carburetingchamber, an air vent adapted tonormally admit a sufficient supply of airinto said fuel port to prevent the suction in said carbureting chamberfrom drawing fuel from said well through said port, said air vent beingconnected with said auxiliary aii' valve, and a fuel raising piston insaid well connected with said auxiliary ai;` valve, said auxiliary airvalve being responsive to increased suction in the carburating chamberto raise said piston to lift fuel from said well into said fuel port andto move said air vent to increase the amount of airflow through saidport in proportion with the amount of fuel delivered to said port fromsaid well.

In witness whereof, we hereunto subscribe our names, this 10th day ofNovember, A. I). 1917. i

CHAS. J. GUSTAFSON. FRANK C. MOCK.

